What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a CPU?

The primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a CPU is to perform arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a critical component of the CPU that carries out mathematical calculations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations like AND, OR, NOT, and XOR. These operations are fundamental for processing data and executing instructions within a computer.

In the context of a CPU, the ALU works in conjunction with other components. The outcomes of the arithmetic and logical operations performed by the ALU are used in various computations necessary for software applications, allowing the CPU to manipulate data effectively. Therefore, the ALU is essential for enabling the processor to carry out complex tasks by evaluating expressions, making decisions based on conditions, and performing calculations necessary for program execution.