Which type of language translates entire programs to create an executable file?

A compiled language translates entire programs into machine code before the program is executed, resulting in an executable file. This process involves a compiler that scans the source code, analyzes it, and translates it into a binary format that the computer can execute directly. This differs from interpreted languages, which translate and execute the program line by line at runtime, and do not create a separate executable file. Scripting languages also typically run in an interpreted manner, often within a host environment. Markup languages are not programming languages and are used primarily for formatting and structuring content rather than executing logic or functionality. The ability of compiled languages to produce an executable file leads to generally faster runtime performance compared to interpreted alternatives, benefiting performance-sensitive applications.